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HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
LIBRARY
Invokes the Librarian utility, which creates, modifies, or describes an
object, macro, help, text, or shareable image library.
For more information about the Librarian utility, refer to the
OpenVMS Command Definition, Librarian, and Message Utilities Manual or online help.
Format
LIBRARY library-filespec [input-filespec[,...]]
LICENSE
Invokes the License Management utility, which manages software licenses
on the OpenVMS operating system.
For more information about the License Management utility, refer to the
OpenVMS License Management Utility Manual or online help.
Format
LICENSE subcommand parameter
LINK
Invokes the OpenVMS Linker, which links one or more object modules into
a program image and defines execution characteristics of the image.
For more information about the linker, including more information about
the LINK command, refer to the OpenVMS Linker Utility Manual or online help.
Format
LINK filespec[,...]
LOGIN Procedure
Initiates an interactive terminal session.
Format
[Ctrl/C]
[Ctrl/Y]
[Return]
Description
There is no LOGIN command. You signal your intention to access the
system by pressing Return, Ctrl/C, or Ctrl/Y, on a terminal not
currently in use. The system prompts for your user name and your
password (and your secondary password, if you have one) and then
validates them.
Specify the optional qualifiers immediately after you type your user
name; then press Return to get the password prompts.
The login procedure performs the following functions:
- Validates your right to access the system by checking your user
name and passwords against the entries in the system's user
authorization file (UAF)
- Establishes the default characteristics of your terminal session
based on your user name entry in the UAF
- Executes the command procedure file SYS$SYLOGIN.COM if one exists
- Executes either the command procedure file named LOGIN.COM if one
exists in your default directory, or the command file defined in the
UAF, if any
Some systems are set up with a retry facility for users who are
accessing the system from remote or dialup locations. With these
systems, when you make a mistake typing your user name or password, the
system allows you to reenter the information. To reenter your login
information, press Return. The system displays the user name prompt
again. Now retype your user name and press Return to send the
information to the system. The system displays the password prompt.
(There is both a limit to the number of times you can retry to enter
your login information and a time limit between tries.)
Qualifiers
/CLI=command-language-interpreter
Specifies the name of an alternate command language interpreter (CLI)
to override the default CLI listed in the UAF. The CLI you specify must
be located in SYS$SYSTEM and have the file type .EXE.
If you do not specify a command interpreter by using the /CLI qualifier
and you do not have a default CLI listed in the UAF, the system
supplies the qualifier /CLI=DCL by default.
/COMMAND[=filespec] (default)
/NOCOMMAND
Controls whether to execute your default login command procedure when
you log in. Use the /COMMAND qualifier to specify the name of an
alternate login command procedure. If you specify a file name without a
file type, the default file type .COM is used. If you specify the
/COMMAND qualifier and omit the file specification, your default login
command procedure is executed.
Use the /NOCOMMAND qualifier if you do not want your default login
command procedure to be executed.
/CONNECT (default)
/NOCONNECT
Specifies whether or not to reconnect to a virtual terminal.
/DISK=device-name[:]
Specifies the name of a disk device to be associated with the logical
device SYS$DISK for the terminal session. This specification overrides
the default SYS$DISK device established in the UAF.
/LOCAL_PASSWORD
Requests OpenVMS authentication using the user name and password
information that is stored in the SYSUAF.DAT file. This qualifer is
used to override external authentication if external authentication is
unavailable.
/NEW_PASSWORD
Requires that you change the account password before logging in (as if
the password had expired). Use this qualifier as a shortcut if you had
intended to change your password after login, or if you suspect that
your password has been detected.
/TABLES=(command-table[,...])
/TABLES=DCLTABLES (default)
Specifies the name of an alternate CLI table to override the default
listed in the UAF. This table name is considered a file specification.
The default device and directory is SYS$SHARE and the default file type
is .EXE.
If a logical name is used, the table name specification must be defined
in the system logical name table.
If the /CLI qualifier is set to DCL, the /TABLES qualifier defaults to
the correct value. If the /TABLES qualifier is specified without the
/CLI qualifier, the CLI specified in the user's UAF will be used.
Examples
| #1 |
[Ctrl/Y]
Username: HOFFMAN
Password: <PASSWORD>
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In this example, pressing Ctrl/Y allows you to access the operating
system, which immediately prompts for a user name. After validating the
user name, the system prompts for the password but does not echo it.
| #2 |
[Return]
Username: HIGGINS/DISK=USER$
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS Alpha (TM) Operating System, Version 7.3 on node LSR
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 18-DEC-2001 08:41
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 19-DEC-2001 15:43
$ SHOW DEFAULT
USER$:[HIGGINS]
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In this Alpha example, the /DISK qualifier requests that the default
disk for the terminal session be USER$. The SHOW DEFAULT command shows
that USER$ is the default disk.
| #3 |
[Return]
Username: HIGGINS/DISK=USER$
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS VAX Version 7.3 on node CELEST
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
$ SHOW DEFAULT
USER$:[HIGGINS]
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In this VAX example, the /DISK qualifier requests that the default disk
for the terminal session be USER$. The SHOW DEFAULT command shows that
USER$ is the default disk.
| #4 |
[Ctrl/C]
Username: LIZA/CLI=DCL/COMMAND=ALTLOGIN.COM
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS VAX Version 7.3 on node CELEST
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
$
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In this example, the /CLI qualifier requests the DCL command
interpreter. The /COMMAND qualifier indicates that the login command
file ALTLOGIN.COM is to be executed instead of the default login
command file.
| #5 |
[Return]
Username: XENAKIS
Password: <PASSWORD>
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS VAX Version 7.3 on node CELEST
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
$
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In this example, the second password prompt indicates that the user has
a secondary password, which must be entered to access the system.
| #6 |
[Return]
Username: JONES
Password: <PASSWORD>
User authorization failure
[Return]
Username: JONES
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS Alpha (TM) Operating System, Version 7.3 on node LSR
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
1 failure since last successful login.
$
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This example shows the "User authorization failure" message,
which indicates that the password has been entered incorrectly. After
you successfully log in, a message is displayed showing the number of
login failures since your last successful login. This message is
displayed only if login failures have occurred.
| #7 |
[Return]
Username: JOYCE
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS Alpha (TM) Operating System, Version 7.3 on node LSR
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
WARNING - Primary password has expired; update immediately.
$
|
This example shows the WARNING message, which indicates that your
primary password has expired. You must use the SET PASSWORD command to
change your password before logging out, or you will be unable to log
in again.
For more information on changing your password, see the description of
the SET PASSWORD command in this manual.
| #8 |
[Return]
Username: MIHALY/NEW_PASSWORD
Password: <PASSWORD>
Password: <PASSWORD>
Welcome to OpenVMS VAX Version 7.3 on node CELEST
Last interactive login on Tuesday, 15-DEC-2001 09:16:47.08
Last non-interactive login on Monday, 14-DEC-2001 17:32:34.27
Your password has expired; you must set a new password to log in.
Old password: <PASSWORD>
New password: <PASSWORD>
Verification: <PASSWORD>
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In this example, the user enters the /NEW_PASSWORD qualifer after the
user name MIHALY. The system then forces the user to set a new password
immediately after login. The prompts are the same as those provided
when you enter the DCL command SET PASSWORD from the command line.
LOGOUT
Terminates an interactive terminal session.
Format
LOGOUT
Description
You must use the LOGOUT command to end a terminal session. Under most
circumstances, if you turn the power off at your terminal or hang up
your telephone connection without using the LOGOUT command, you remain
logged in.
When you use the SET HOST command to log in to a remote processor, you
generally need to use the LOGOUT command to end the remote session.
Qualifiers
/BRIEF
Prints a brief logout message (process name, date, and time) or a full
logout message (a brief message plus accounting statistics).
/FULL
Requests the long form of the logout message. When you specify the
/FULL qualifier, the command interpreter displays a summary of
accounting information for the terminal session. The default qualifier
for a batch job is /FULL.
/HANGUP
/NOHANGUP
Determines, for dialup terminals, whether the phone hangs up whenever
you log out. By default, the setting of the /HANGUP qualifier for your
terminal port determines whether the line is disconnected. Your system
manager determines whether you are permitted to use this qualifier.
Examples
| #1 |
$ LOGOUT
GILLINGS logged out at 05-JUN-2001 17:48:56.73
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In this example, the LOGOUT command uses the default brief message
form. No accounting information is displayed.
| #2 |
$ LOGOUT/FULL
GUZMAN logged out at 05-JUN-2001 14:23:45.30
Accounting information:
Buffered I/O count: 22 Peak working set size: 90
Direct I/O count: 10 Peak virtual size: 69
Page faults: 68 Mounted volumes: 0
Charged CPU time: 0 00:01:30.50 Elapsed time: 0 04:59:02.63
Charged vector CPU time: 0 00:00:21.62
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In this example, the LOGOUT command with the /FULL qualifier displays a
summary of accounting statistics for the terminal session.
MACRO
Invokes the VAX MACRO assembler to assemble one or more assembly
language source files (the default on VAX) or invokes the MACRO-32
compiler for OpenVMS Alpha to compile VAX assembly language source
files into native OpenVMS Alpha object code (the default on Alpha).
The /ALPHA qualifier causes the MACRO command to invoke the MACRO-64
assembler if it is installed on Alpha.
The /MIGRATION qualifier causes the MACRO command to invoke the
compiler on Alpha.
Format
MACRO filespec[,...]
Parameter
filespec[,...]
Specifies an assembly language source file to be assembled. If you
specify more than one file, separate the file specifications with
either commas (,) or plus signs (+). File specifications separated by
commas cause the MACRO assembler to produce an object file (and, if
indicated, a listing file) for each specified file. File specifications
separated by plus signs are concatenated into one input file and
produce a single object file (and listing file).
You cannot include the asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard
characters in a file specification. For each file specification, the
MACRO command supplies a default file type .MAR or .MAR64. The MACRO
assembler creates output files of one version higher than the highest
version existing in the target directory.
Description
The MACRO command invokes the VAX MACRO assembler to assemble one or
more assembly language source files (the default on VAX) or invokes the
MACRO-32 compiler for OpenVMS Alpha to compile VAX assembly language
source files into native OpenVMS Alpha object code (the default on
Alpha).
The qualifiers to the MACRO command serve as either command (global)
qualifiers or positional qualifiers. A command
qualifier affects all the files specified in the MACRO
command. A positional qualifier affects only the file
that it qualifies. All MACRO qualifiers except the /LIBRARY and /UPDATE
qualifiers are usable as either command or positional qualifiers. The
/LIBRARY and /UPDATE qualifiers are positional qualifiers only.
See the qualifier descriptions for restrictions.
For a complete functional description of the VAX MACRO assembler
directives, refer to the VAX MACRO and Instruction Set Reference Manual. For a complete functional
description of the MACRO-32 compiler for OpenVMS Alpha, refer to
OpenVMS MACRO-32 Porting and User's Guide.
Qualifiers
/ALPHA
The /ALPHA qualifier cannot be used with the /UPDATE
qualifier.
On Alpha, invokes the MACRO-64 assembler for OpenVMS Alpha (if
installed on the system). For a description of the assembler, refer to
the MACRO--64 Assembler for OpenVMS AXP Systems Reference Manual.
/ANALYSIS_DATA[=filespec]
/NOANALYSIS_DATA (default)
Controls whether the VAX MACRO assembler creates an analysis data file
for the OpenVMS Source Code Analyzer (SCA), and optionally provides the
file specification.
By default, the assembler does not create an analysis data file. If you
specify the /ANALYSIS_DATA qualifier without a file specification, the
assembler creates a file with the same file name as the first input
file for the MACRO command. The default file type for analysis data
files is .ANA. When you specify the /ANALYSIS_DATA qualifier, you can
control the defaults applied to the output file specification by the
placement of the qualifier in the command line.
/CROSS_REFERENCE[=(function[,...])]
/NOCROSS_REFERENCE (default)
Controls whether a listing is produced of the locations in the source
file where the specified function (or functions) is defined or
referenced. If you specify only one function, you can omit the
parentheses.
You can specify the following functions:
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ALL
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Cross-references directives, macros, operation codes, registers, and
symbols
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DIRECTIVES
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Cross-references directives
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MACROS
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Cross-references macros
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OPCODES
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Cross-references operation codes
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REGISTERS
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Cross-references registers
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SYMBOLS
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Cross-references symbols
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Because the assembler writes the cross-references to the listing file,
you must specify the /LIST qualifier with the /CROSS_REFERENCE
qualifier. If you specify no functions in the /CROSS_REFERENCE
qualifier, the assembler assumes the default value of
/CROSS_REFERENCE=(MACROS,SYMBOLS). The /NOCROSS_REFERENCE qualifier
excludes the cross-reference listing.
/DEBUG[=option]
/NODEBUG (default)
Includes or excludes local symbols in the symbol table or traceback
information in the object module. You can replace the /ENABLE and
/DISABLE qualifiers with the /DEBUG and /NODEBUG qualifiers when you
use the appropriate DEBUG and TRACEBACK options. The /DEBUG or the
/NODEBUG qualifier overrides debugging characteristics set with the
.ENABLE or .DISABLE assembler directives.
You can specify one or more of the following options:
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ALL
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Includes in the object module all local symbols in the symbol table,
and provides all traceback information for the debugger. This option is
equivalent to /ENABLE=(DEBUG,TRACEBACK).
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NONE
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Makes local symbols and traceback information in the object module
unavailable to the debugger. This option is equivalent to
/DISABLE=(DEBUG,TRACEBACK).
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SYMBOLS
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Makes all local symbols in the object module available to the debugger.
Makes traceback information unavailable to the debugger. This option is
equivalent to /ENABLE=DEBUG and /DISABLE=TRACEBACK together.
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TRACEBACK
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Makes traceback information in the object module available to the
debugger and local symbols unavailable to the debugger. This option is
equivalent to /ENABLE=TRACEBACK and /DISABLE=DEBUG together.
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If you specify no options to the /DEBUG qualifier, it assumes the
default value of /DEBUG=ALL.
/DIAGNOSTICS[=filespec]
/NODIAGNOSTICS (default)
Creates a file containing assembler messages and diagnostic
information. If you omit the file specification, the default file name
is the same as the source program; the default file type is DIA.
The asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are not
allowed in the file specification.
The diagnostics file is reserved for use with HP layered products, such
as the VAX Language-Sensitive Editor (LSE).
/DISABLE=(function[,...])
/NODISABLE
Provides initial settings for the functions disabled by the .DISABLE
assembler directive. You can specify one or more of the following
functions:
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ABSOLUTE
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Assembles relative addresses as absolute addresses.
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DEBUG
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Includes local symbol table information in the object file for use with
the debugger.
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GLOBAL
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Assumes undefined symbols to be external symbols.
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SUPPRESSION
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Suppresses listing of unreferenced symbols in the symbol table.
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TRACEBACK
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Provides traceback information to the debugger.
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TRUNCATION
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Truncates floating-point numbers (if truncation is disabled, numbers
are rounded).
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VECTOR
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Enables the assembler to accept and correctly process vector code.
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If you specify only one function, you can omit the parentheses. If you
specify no functions in the /DISABLE qualifier, it assumes the default
value of /DISABLE=(ABSOLUTE,DEBUG,TRUNCATION,VECTOR). The /NODISABLE
qualifier has the same effect as not specifying the /DISABLE qualifier,
or negates the effects of any /DISABLE qualifiers specified earlier in
the command line.
/ENABLE=(function[,...])
/NOENABLE
Provides initial settings for the functions controlled by the .ENABLE
assembler directive. You can specify one or more of the following
functions:
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ABSOLUTE
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Assembles relative addresses as absolute addresses.
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DEBUG
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Includes local symbol table information in the object file for use with
the debugger.
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GLOBAL
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Assumes undefined symbols to be external symbols.
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SUPPRESSION
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Suppresses listing of unreferenced symbols in the symbol table.
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TRACEBACK
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Provides traceback information to the debugger.
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TRUNCATION
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Truncates floating-point numbers (if truncation is disabled, numbers
are rounded).
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VECTOR
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Enables the assembler to accept and correctly process vector code.
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The /NOENABLE qualifier has the same effect as not specifying the
/ENABLE qualifier, or negates the effects of any /ENABLE qualifiers
specified earlier in the command line. You can specify one or more of
the functions listed in the description of the /DISABLE qualifier. If
you specify only one function, you can omit the parentheses. If you
specify no functions in the /DISABLE qualifier, it assumes the default
value of /ENABLE=(GLOBAL,TRACEBACK,SUPPRESSION).
/LIBRARY
/NOLIBRARY
Positional qualifier. The /LIBRARY qualifier cannot be used
with the /UPDATE qualifier.
The associated input file to the /LIBRARY qualifier must be a macro
library. The default file type is MLB. The /NOLIBRARY qualifier has the
same effect as not specifying the /LIBRARY qualifier, or negates the
effects of any /LIBRARY qualifiers specified earlier in the command
line.
The assembler can search up to 16 libraries, one of which is always
STARLET.MLB. This number applies to a particular assembly, not
necessarily to a particular MACRO command. If you enter the MACRO
command so that more than one source file is assembled, but the source
files are assembled separately, you can specify up to 16 macro
libraries for each separate assembly. More than one macro library in an
assembly causes the libraries to be searched in reverse order of their
specification.
A macro call in a source program causes the assembler to begin the
following sequence of searches:
- An initial search of the libraries specified with the .LIBRARY
directive. The assembler searches these libraries in the reverse order
of that in which they were declared.
- If the macro definition is not found in any of the libraries
specified with the .LIBRARY directive, a search of the libraries
specified in the MACRO command line (in the reverse order in which they
were specified).
- If the macro definition is not found in any of the libraries
specified in the command line, a search of STARLET.MLB.
/LIST[=filespec]
/NOLIST
Creates or omits an output listing, and optionally provides an output
file specification for it. The default file type for the listing file
is .LIS. The asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters
are not allowed in the file specification.
An interactive MACRO command does not produce a listing file by
default. The /NOLIST qualifier, present either explicitly or by
default, causes errors to be reported on the current output device.
The /LIST qualifier is the default for a MACRO command in a batch job.
The /LIST qualifier allows you to control the defaults applied to the
output file specification by the placement of the qualifier in the
command line. For more information on entering output file qualifiers,
refer to the OpenVMS User's Manual.
/MIGRATION
The /MIGRATION qualifier cannot be used with the /UPDATE
qualifier.
On Alpha, invokes the MACRO-32 compiler for OpenVMS Alpha to compile
one or more VAX MACRO assembly language source files into native
OpenVMS Alpha object code.
For a complete description of the MACRO-32 compiler for OpenVMS Alpha,
refer to OpenVMS MACRO-32 Porting and User's Guide.
/OBJECT[=filespec]
/NOOBJECT
Creates or omits an object module. It also defines the file
specification. By default, the assembler creates an object module with
the same file name as the first input file. The default file type for
object files is .OBJ. The asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%)
wildcard characters are not allowed in the file specification.
The /OBJECT qualifier controls the defaults applied to the output file
specification by the placement of the qualifier in the command line.
For more information on entering output file qualifiers, refer to the
OpenVMS User's Manual.
/PREPROCESS_ONLY[=filespec]
/NOPREPROCESS (D)
Causes the assembler to perform only the actions of the preprocessor
phase and writes the resulting processed text out to a file.
The filespec defaults to the name of the primary source file. The
default file type is .ASM.
/SHOW[=(function[,...])]
/NOSHOW[=(function[,...])]
Provides initial settings for the functions controlled by the assembler
directives .SHOW and .NOSHOW.
You can specify one or more of the following functions:
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CONDITIONALS
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Lists unsatisfied conditional code associated with .IF and .ENDC MACRO
directives.
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CALLS
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Lists macro calls and repeat range expansions.
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DEFINITIONS
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Lists macro definitions.
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EXPANSIONS
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Lists macro expansions.
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BINARY
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Lists binary code generated by the expansion of macro calls.
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