HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary
The default quota is that established at system generation time. The
minimum required for any process to operate is 2.
/ERROR=filespec
Defines an equivalence name string of 1 to 63 alphanumeric characters
for the logical device name SYS$ERROR. The logical name and equivalence
name are placed in the process logical name table for the created
process. (The /ERROR qualifier is ignored if you are running
SYS$SYSTEM:LOGINOUT.)
/EXTENT=quota
Specifies the maximum size to which the image being executed in the
process can increase its physical memory size.
The default quota is that established at system generation time. The
minimum value required for any process to execute is 10 pages.
Specify the value of n as a number of 512-byte pagelets on
Alpha or 512-byte pages on VAX. Note that the operating system rounds
up this value to the nearest CPU-specific page so that actual amount of
physical memory allowed may be larger than the specified amount on
Alpha.
The extent quota is nondeductible.
/FILE_LIMIT=quota
Specifies the maximum number of files that a process can have open at
any one time.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time.
The minimum amount required for any process to execute is 2.
The file limit quota is pooled.
/INPUT=filespec
Defines an equivalence name string of 1 to 63 characters for SYS$INPUT.
The logical name and equivalence name are placed in the process logical
name table for the created process.
/INTERVAL=delta-time
Requests that the created process be placed in hibernation and be
awakened at regularly scheduled intervals.
Specify the delta time according to the rules given in the
OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
If you specify the /DELAY or the /SCHEDULE qualifier with the /INTERVAL
qualifier, the first wakeup request occurs at the time specified by the
/DELAY or the /SCHEDULE qualifier; all subsequent wakeup requests occur
at intervals specified by the /INTERVAL qualifier. If you specify
neither the /DELAY nor the /SCHEDULE qualifier with the /INTERVAL
qualifier, the first wakeup request occurs immediately by default.
/IO_BUFFERED=quota
Specifies the maximum number of system-buffered I/O operations that the
created process can have outstanding at any one time.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time.
The minimum required for any process to execute is 2.
The buffered I/O quota is nondeductible.
/IO_DIRECT=quota
Specifies the maximum number of direct I/O operations that the created
process can have outstanding at any one time.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time.
The minimum required for any process to execute is 2.
The direct I/O quota is nondeductible.
/JOB_TABLE_QUOTA=quota
Allows you to specify a quota for a detached process's jobwide logical
name table.
A value of 0 has a special meaning. It means that the table, for all
practical purposes, has infinite quota because its quota is pooled with
that of its parent table, the system directory table.
Note that the /JOB_TABLE_QUOTA qualifier is relevant only for detached
processes. If the /JOB_TABLE_QUOTA qualifier is specified in a RUN
command that results in the creation of a subprocess, it is ignored.
/MAILBOX=unit
Specifies the unit number of a mailbox to receive a termination message
when the created process is deleted. If no mailbox is specified, the
creating process receives no notification when the subprocess or
detached process has been deleted.
/MAXIMUM_WORKING_SET=quota
Specifies the maximum size (up to 64K pages) to which the image being
executed in the process can increase its working set size. An image can
increase its working set size by calling the $ADJWSL (Adjust Working
Set Limit) system service.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time.
The minimum value required for any process to execute is 10 pages.
The maximum working set quota is nondeductible.
/ON=node_name
Specifies an OpenVMS Cluster node on which a detached process is to be
created. Quotas are determined by comparing the values you specify with
the RUN command with the quotas of the creator process (maximum) and
the PQL_M* system parameters on the target node (minimum). To specify
quotas outside that range, you must have IMPERSONATE or CMKRNL
privilege. Omitted quota values default to the values of the PQL_D*
system parameters on the target node.
The qualifier value node_name is a 1- to 6-character string
containing the SCS node name of the requested node.
For example, to create a process named BAR on node FOO that runs
MY_PROG.EXE, enter the following command:
$ RUN $10$DKB100:[SMITH]MY_PROG.EXE /DETACH /ON="FOO"/PROCESS_NAME="BAR"
|
Note that the disk containing the image must be mounted on the
specified node. Because the disk might not be mounted on the node on
which the command is entered, the RUN command processor does not check
whether the image exists. Consequently, the command can complete
without error even though the created process aborts immediately
because the image file cannot be found.
/OUTPUT=filespec
Defines an equivalence name string of 1 to 63 characters for the
logical device name SYS$OUTPUT. Both the equivalence name and the
logical name are placed in the process logical name table for the
created process.
/PAGE_FILE=quota
Specifies the maximum number of pages that can be allocated in the
paging file for the process. The paging file quota is the amount of
secondary storage available during execution of the image.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time.
The minimum value required for a process to execute is 256 pages. The
paging file quota is pooled.
/PRIORITY=n
Requires ALTPRI (alter priority) privilege to set the priority
higher than your current process.
Specifies the base priority at which the created process executes.
On Alpha, the value of parameter n is a decimal 0 to 63, where
63 is the highest priority and zero is the lowest. Normal priorities
range from 0 to 15; real-time priorities range from 16 to 63.
On VAX, the value of parameter n is a decimal 0 to 31, where
31 is the highest priority and zero is the lowest. Normal priorities
range from 0 to 15; real-time priorities range from 16 to 31.
The default priority is that of the current process.
/PRIVILEGES=(privilege[,...])
Requires SETPRV (set privilege) privilege to specify privileges
that you do not have.
Defines user privileges for the created process. You can extend any
privilege you possess to a process you create. By default, the created
process has the same privileges as its creator. If you specify only one
privilege, you can omit the parentheses.
For a list of process privileges, refer to the HP OpenVMS Guide to System Security.
You can also use the keyword NOSAME as the privilege
parameter. If you specify /PRIVILEGES=NOSAME, the created process has
no privileges.
/PROCESS_NAME=process-name
Specifies a name of 1 to 15 characters for the created process. The
process name is implicitly qualified by the group number of the
process's user identification code (UIC). By default, the name is null.
/QUEUE_LIMIT=quota
Specifies the maximum number of timer queue entries that the created
process can have outstanding at any one time. This number includes
timer requests and scheduled wakeup requests.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time. A
process does not require any timer queue quota in order to execute.
The timer queue entry quota is pooled.
/RESOURCE_WAIT (default)
/NORESOURCE_WAIT
Places the created process in a wait state when a resource required for
a particular function is not available.
If you specify the /NORESOURCE_WAIT qualifier, the process receives an
error status code when a resource is unavailable.
/SCHEDULE=absolute-time
Places the created process in hibernation and awakens it at the
specified time.
Specify the absolute time value according to the rules for entering
absolute time values given in the OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help
topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
/SERVICE_FAILURE
/NOSERVICE_FAILURE (default)
Enables or disables an exception condition notification if an error
occurs during a system service request. By default, an error status
code is returned to the process.
If you specify the /SERVICE_FAILURE qualifier and an error occurs
during a system service request, the process encounters an exception
condition.
/SUBPROCESS_LIMIT=quota
Specifies the maximum number of subprocesses that the created process
is allowed to create.
The default quota is the quota established at system generation time. A
process does not require any subprocess quota in order to execute.
The subprocess limit quota is pooled.
/SWAPPING (default)
/NOSWAPPING
Requires PSWAPM (process swap mode) privilege to inhibit
process swapping.
Permits the process to be swapped. The default allows a process to be
swapped from the balance set in physical memory to allow other
processes to execute.
With /NOSWAPPING in effect, the process is not swapped out of the
balance set when it is in a wait state. By default, a process may be
swapped out of the balance set whenever it is in a wait state.
/TIME_LIMIT=limit
Specifies the maximum amount of CPU time (in delta time) a created
process can use. CPU time is allocated to the created process in units
of 10 milliseconds. When it has exhausted its CPU time limit quota, the
created process is deleted.
If this quota is not specified and the created process is a detached
process, the detached process receives a default value of zero, that
is, unlimited CPU time.
If this quota is not specified and the created process is a subprocess,
the subprocess receives half the CPU time limit quota of the creating
process.
If this quota is specified as zero, the created process has unlimited
CPU time providing that the creating process also has unlimited CPU
time. If, however, the creating process does not have unlimited CPU
time, the created process receives half the CPU time limit quota of the
creating process.
The CPU time limit quota is a consumable quota; that is, the amount of
CPU time used by the created process is not returned to the creating
process when the created process is deleted.
If you restrict CPU time for a process, specify the time limit
according to the rules for specifying delta time values, as given in
the OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic
Date_Time).
/TRUSTED
Specifies that the created process is part of the Trusted Computing
Base (TCB) and performs its own auditing. The /DETACH qualifier is
required as well as the IMPERSONATE privilege.
/UIC=uic
Specifies that the created process be a detached process and assigns it
a user identification code (UIC). Specify the UIC by using standard UIC
format as described in the HP OpenVMS Guide to System Security.
/WORKING_SET=default
Specifies the number of pages in the working set of the created process.
The default working set size is the size established at system
generation time. The minimum number of pages required for a process to
execute is 10 pages. The value specified cannot be greater than the
quota specified with /MAXIMUM_WORKING_SET.
The maximum working set quota is nondeductible.
Examples
| #1 |
$ RUN/PROCESS_NAME=SUBA SCANLINE
%RUN-S-PROC_ID, identification of created process is 00010044.
|
In this example, the RUN command creates a subprocess named SUBA to run
the image SCANLINE.EXE. The system gives the subprocess an
identification number of 00010044.
| #2 |
$ RUN/DELAY=3:30/OUTPUT=BALANCE.OUT BALANCE
|
In this example, the RUN command creates a subprocess to run the image
BALANCE.EXE 3 hours and 30 minutes from now; output is written to the
file BALANCE.OUT.
| #3 |
$ RUN/INTERVAL=1:40/PROCESS_NAME=STAT STATCHK
%RUN-S-PROC_ID, identification of created process is 00050023
.
.
.
$ CANCEL STAT
|
In this example, the RUN command creates a subprocess named STAT to
execute the image STATCHK.EXE. The process is scheduled to execute the
image at intervals of 1 hour and 40 minutes. The process hibernates;
however, because neither the /DELAY nor the /SCHEDULE qualifier is
specified, the first wakeup request occurs immediately.
The CANCEL command subsequently cancels the wakeup requests posted by
the /INTERVAL qualifier. If the process is currently executing the
image, it completes the execution and hibernates.
| #4 |
$ RUN/PROCESS_NAME=LYRA LYRA -
_$/OUTPUT=_TTB3: -
_$/ERROR=_TTB3:
%RUN-S-PROC_ID, identification of created process is 000A002F
|
In this example, the RUN command creates a subprocess named LYRA to
execute the image LYRA.EXE. The /OUTPUT and /ERROR qualifiers assign
equivalences to the logical names SYS$OUTPUT and SYS$ERROR for the
subprocess. Any messages the subprocess writes to its default output
devices are displayed on the terminal TTB3.
| #5 |
$ RUN/UIC=[100,4]/PRIVILEGES=(SAME,NOPSWAPM) -
_$/NORESOURCE_WAIT OVERSEER
%RUN-S-PROC_ID, identification of created process is 0001002C
|
In this example, the RUN command creates a detached process to execute
under the UIC [100,4]. The image OVERSEER.EXE is executed. The RUN
command gives the process all the privileges of the current process,
except the ability to alter its swap mode. The /NORESOURCE_WAIT
qualifier disables resource wait mode for the process.
RUNOFF
Invokes the DIGITAL Standard Runoff (DSR) text formatter to format one
or more ASCII files. Creates formatted files from source DSR (.RNO)
files, unformatted table of contents (.RNT) files, and unformatted
index (.RNX) files. Optionally creates intermediate (.BRN) files for
input to RUNOFF/CONTENTS and RUNOFF/INDEX commands.
For more information about the RUNOFF, RUNOFF/CONTENTS, and
RUNOFF/INDEX commands and for a description of the DSR formatter, refer
to the OpenVMS User's Manual and the OpenVMS DIGITAL Standard Runoff Reference Manual (available on the
Documentation CD-ROM) or online help.
Format
RUNOFF filespec[,...]
SEARCH
Searches one or more files for the specified strings and displays the
lines containing those strings.
Format
SEARCH filespec[,...] search-string[,...]
Parameters
filespec[,...]
Specifies one or more files to be searched. You must specify at least
one file name. If you specify more than one file name, separate the
file specifications with commas (,).
You can use the asterisk (*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard
characters in the file specification.
search-string[,...]
Specifies the character string to be located in the specified files.
Enclose strings containing lowercase letters, blanks, or other
nonalphanumeric characters (including spaces) in quotation marks
(" ").
You can use the /MATCH and /EXACT qualifiers to alter the way that
SEARCH matches search strings.
Description
The SEARCH command searches through files for specific character
strings; all lines containing occurrences of the strings are displayed.
Use the SEARCH qualifiers to tailor the search operation to your
specific needs.
The SEARCH command opens the file with shared read (R) and write (W)
access. Therefore, any file that has its attributes set to shared write
is searched even if it is currently opened by other users.
Qualifiers
/BACKUP
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /BACKUP qualifier selects files according to the dates
of their most recent backups. This qualifier is incompatible with the
/CREATED, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow you to
select files according to time attributes. If you specify none of these
four time qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/BEFORE[=time]
Selects only those files dated prior to the specified time. You can
specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute and delta
times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT, LOGIN, TODAY
(default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of the following
qualifiers with the /BEFORE qualifier to indicate the time attribute to
be used as the basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default),
/EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.
For complete information on specifying time values, see the
OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic DCL_Tips (subtopic Date_Time).
/BY_OWNER[=uic]
Selects only those files whose owner user identification code (UIC)
matches the specified owner UIC. The default UIC is that of the current
process.
Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the
OpenVMS User's Manual.
/CONFIRM
/NOCONFIRM (default)
Controls whether a request is issued before each search operation to
confirm that the operation should be performed on that file. The
following responses are valid:
|
YES
|
NO
|
QUIT
|
|
TRUE
|
FALSE
|
Ctrl/Z
|
|
1
|
0
|
ALL
|
|
|
[Return]
|
|
You can use any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters for word
responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more letters
(for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE), but these abbreviations must be
unique. Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE, and 1. Negative answers
include: NO, FALSE, 0, and pressing Return. Entering QUIT or pressing
Ctrl/Z indicates that you want to stop processing the command at that
point. When you respond by entering ALL, the command continues to
process, but no further prompts are given. If you type a response other
than one of those in the list, DCL issues an error message and
redisplays the prompt.
/CREATED (default)
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /CREATED qualifier selects files based on their dates of
creation. This qualifier is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /EXPIRED,
and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow you to select files
according to time attributes. If you specify none of these four time
qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/EXACT
/NOEXACT (default)
Controls whether the SEARCH command matches the search string exactly
or treats uppercase and lowercase letters as equivalents. By default,
SEARCH ignores case differences in letters.
Specifying the /EXACT qualifier causes the system to use less CPU time;
therefore, if you are sure of the case of the letters in the string, it
is more efficient to use the /EXACT qualifier.
/EXCLUDE=(filespec[,...])
Excludes the specified files from the search operation. You can include
a directory but not a device in the file specification. The asterisk
(*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are allowed in the
file specification; however, you cannot use relative version numbers to
exclude a specific version. If you specify only one file, you can omit
the parentheses.
/EXPIRED
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /EXPIRED qualifier selects files according to their
expiration dates. (The expiration date is set with the SET
FILE/EXPIRATION_DATE command.) The /EXPIRED qualifier is incompatible
with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow
you to select files according to time attributes. If you specify none
of these four time qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/FORMAT=option
Formats output in one of the following five ways:
|
DUMP
|
Displays all control characters (including <HT>, <CR>, and
<LF>) and nonprintable characters as ANSI mnemonics.
|
|
NOFF
|
Replaces control characters in text with ANSI mnemonics (for example,
Ctrl/C is replaced with <ETX>). The terminal formatting
characters <HT>, <CR>, <LF>, <VT> are passed
without change. Form feed characters are replaced with <FF>.
|
|
NONULLS
|
Same as DUMP, but removes all null characters from the input file
before reformatting. (In dump mode, the null character is displayed as
<NUL>.) NONULLS is convenient when you are searching binary
format files, such as EXE or OBJ files, that generally contain many
zero bytes.
|
|
PASSALL
|
Moves control and nonprintable characters to the output device without
translating them. The terminal driver cannot send 8-bit characters to
the terminal unless SET TERMINAL/EIGHT_BIT is already in effect.
You can use /FORMAT=PASSALL whenever you do not want the SEARCH
command to substitute the ANSI mnemonic for control characters (for
example, <BEL> for Ctrl/G).
|
|
TEXT
|
Replaces control characters in text with ANSI mnemonics (for example,
Ctrl/C is replaced with <ETX>). The terminal formatting
characters <HT>, <CR>, <LF>, <VT>, and
<FF> are passed without change. TEXT is the default format.
|
/HEADING (default)
/NOHEADING
Includes file names in the output file and displays a line of 30
asterisks(*) as a window separator between groups of lines that belong
to different files. With the default heading format, file names are
printed only when more than one file is specified or when the asterisk
(*) and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are used.
The /WINDOW qualifier displays a line of 15 asterisks to separate each
window within a file.
/HIGHLIGHT[=keyword]
/NOHIGHLIGHT (default)
You can use one of the following keywords: BOLD, BLINK, REVERSE, and
UNDERLINE. BOLD is the default highlighting on ANSI video terminals
with advanced video; REVERSE is the default highlighting on ANSI video
terminals without advanced video.
For hardcopy printing, you can use the HARDCOPY=OVERSTRIKE and
HARDCOPY=UNDERLINE keywords. This specifies that the strings should be
highlighted in a manner suitable for most hardcopy printers. With
overstrike highlighting, matched strings are double-printed, so that
they appear darker. The matched strings are underlined with the
underscore character.
Hardcopy printing is accomplished by adding a carriage return and
spacing back over the line to overprint the string or underlines. Note
that this can as much as double the length of the line, and perhaps
lead to truncation if the device buffer size is too small.
HP recommends that you use the /HIGHLIGHT=UNDERLINE qualifier with the
LN01 printer rather than using the /HIGHLIGHT=HARDCOPY=UNDERLINE
qualifier. The LN01 printer ignores OVERSTRIKE highlighting.
HP recommends that you use either the /HIGHLIGHT=BOLD or the
/HIGHLIGHT=UNDERLINE qualifier with the LN03 printer rather than using
the /HIGHLIGHT=HARDCOPY=UNDERLINE qualifier. The LN03 printer ignores
OVERSTRIKE highlighting.
/KEY=(POSITION=n,SIZE=n)
Searches the records of a file (beginning at the specified position)
for the length of the specified size.
You can specify the POSITION keyword value as 1 to 32,767. The first
byte in a record is considered position 1.
Note
The /KEY qualifier must appear before the file name, or after the
specified search string. If the qualifier is placed between these
parameters, it is ignored.
|
/LOG
/NOLOG (default)
Outputs a message to the current SYS$OUTPUT device for each file
searched. The message includes the file name, the number of records,
and the number of matches for each file searched.
/MATCH=option
Interprets and matches multiple search strings in one of the following
ways:
|
AND
|
A match occurs only if the record contains all the strings.
|
|
EQV
|
A match occurs if none or all of the search strings are in the record.
|
|
NOR
|
A match occurs only if the record contains none of the strings.
|
|
NAND
|
A match occurs only if the record does not contain all of the strings.
|
|
OR
|
A match occurs if the record contains any of the strings.
|
|
XOR
|
A match occurs if any of the search strings are in the record but not
if all or none of them are in the record.
|
When only one search string is specified, the OR and AND options
produce identical results. Similarly, NOR and NAND produce identical
results for a single search string. If you specify none of these
options, the default is /MATCH=OR.
/MODIFIED
Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
qualifier. The /MODIFIED qualifier selects files according to the dates
on which they were last modified. This qualifier is incompatible with
the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /EXPIRED qualifiers, which also allow you to
select files according to time attributes. If you specify none of these
four time modifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.
/NUMBERS
/NONUMBERS (default)
Controls whether the source line number is displayed at the left margin
of each line in the output.
/OUTPUT[=filespec]
/NOOUTPUT
Controls whether the results of the search are output to a specified
file. The output is sent to the current default output device
(SYS$OUTPUT) if you omit the /OUTPUT qualifier or omit the file
specification with the qualifier. The /NOOUTPUT qualifier means that no
matching records are output as a result of the SEARCH command.
/PAGE[=keyword]
/NOPAGE (default)
Controls the display of information on the screen.
You can use the following keywords with the /PAGE qualifier:
|
CLEAR_SCREEN
|
Displays information one page at a time.
|
|
SCROLL
|
Displays information on a continuous stream.
|
|
SAVE[=
n]
|
Enables screen navigation of information, where
n is the number of pages to store.
|
|
