HP OpenVMS Systems Documentation

HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual

Input Save-Set Qualifier

Specifies that the software cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is to be performed.

Format

input-save-set-spec/[NO]CRC output-specifier

Description

The default is /CRC. To disable CRC checking, specify /NOCRC; note that use of /NOCRC reduces processing time but increases the risk of data loss.

Example

$ BACKUP MTA2:988SAVE.BCK/NOCRC []
      

This command restores the save set 988SAVE.BCK to the current default directory, indicated by ([]); the input save-set qualifier /NOCRC disables CRC.

Output Save-Set Qualifier

Specifies whether the software cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is to be computed and stored in the data blocks of the output save set.

Format

input-specifier output-save-set-spec/[NO]CRC

Description

The default is /CRC. To disable checking, use /NOCRC; note that use of /NOCRC reduces processing time but increases the risk of data loss.

Example

$ BACKUP/RECORD []/SINCE=BACKUP MTA2:988SAVE.BCK/NOCRC
      

This command saves all files in the current default directory that have been created or modified since the last BACKUP/RECORD operation to the save set 988SAVE.BCK; the output save-set qualifier /NOCRC disables cyclic redundancy checking.

Input File-Selection Qualifier

Selects files according to the value of the creation date field in each file header record.

Format

input-specifier/BEFORE=time/CREATED output-specifier

input-specifier/SINCE=time/CREATED output-specifier

Description

You must use either the /BEFORE qualifier or the /SINCE qualifier with /CREATED. The date and time you specify with /BEFORE or /SINCE determine which files should be processed.

You cannot use /CREATED with the /BACKUP, /MODIFIED, or /EXPIRED qualifiers.

Example

$ BACKUP *.SDML/SINCE=YESTERDAY/CREATED DLA2:[SAVEDIR]/SAVE_SET
      

The command in this example saves all files with a file type of .SDML created since yesterday (24 hours before midnight last night).

Command Qualifier

Specifies that a BACKUP save or copy operation is to delete the selected input files from the input volume after all files have been successfully processed.

Format

/DELETE file-spec save-set-spec

Description

The /DELETE qualifier is valid only when used in a BACKUP save or copy operation. You must have sufficient privilege to delete files; if you do not, files protected against deletion are not deleted. If you use the command qualifier /VERIFY with /DELETE, files that fail verification are not deleted.

You cannot use /DELETE with the /PHYSICAL, /RECORD or /COMPARE command qualifiers.

Examples

$ BACKUP/DELETE BOP.DAT MTA0:BOP.BCK/LABEL=DANCE
      

In this example, the file BOP.DAT will be deleted after the save set BOP.BCK is successfully created on MTA0.

$ BACKUP/VERIFY/DELETE RAY.DAT,JOE.DAT,ELLA.DAT MTA0:OSCAR.BCK/LABEL=FRIEND
      

The BACKUP command deletes the selected list of files in this example after saving them to OSCAR.BCK on MTA0 and comparing the output save set with the input files. If BACKUP detects a difference between the contents of the output save set and the input file, the input file is not deleted.

Output Save-Set Qualifier

Specifies the recording density of the output magnetic tape. Use a value that is supported by the magnetic tape drive.

If you do not specify the /DENSITY qualifier, the default density is the current density of the magnetic tape drive. You must specify the output save-set qualifier /REWIND with /DENSITY.

Format

input-specifier output-save-set-spec/DENSITY=keyword

The following table shows shows the densities that are supported for tapes.

Note that tape density keywords cannot be abbreviated.

Description

The value that you specify must be supported by your magnetic tape hardware. If you omit this qualifier, the default density is the current density on the output tape drive.

The /DENSITY qualifier is incompatible with the output save-set qualifier /NOREWIND. You must specify the output save-set qualifier /REWIND to initialize the magnetic tape when using the /DENSITY qualifier. When you specify /DENSITY/REWIND, BACKUP rewinds the tape to the beginning-of-tape. Then BACKUP initializes the tape with the new density, removing access to all data that previously resided on the tape.

Example

$ BACKUP *.PAS MTA2:SAVEPAS.BCK/DENSITY=1600/REWIND/LABEL=PASCAL
      

The magnetic tape on drive MTA2: is initialized. All files with a file type of .PAS in the current default directory are saved to the save set SAVEPAS.BCK. The /DENSITY qualifier sets the recording density to 1600 bits/in.

Output Save-Set Qualifier

Depending on the other qualifiers you specify on the command line, the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier allows you to perform the following actions:

• Specify the exact order of tape volume labels that you want to use in a BACKUP operation.
• Preserve the existing volume label on a tape.
• Prevent previous volumes of a multivolume save operation from being overwritten.

Format

input-specifier output-save-set-spec/EXACT_ORDER

Description

The /EXACT_ORDER qualifier allows you to perform the following actions:

• Specify the exact order of tape volume labels that you want to use in a BACKUP operation. You must use the /LABEL=(label1,label2,...) qualifier to specify the order of the labels. BACKUP continues the operation as long as the label of the tape in the drive matches the corresponding label on the command line. If you do not specify enough labels on the command line to complete the operation, BACKUP prompts you to enter a label for the tape in the drive.
• Preserve the existing volume label on a tape. If you do not use the /LABEL qualifier on the command line and the tape has an ANSI label, BACKUP uses the existing label.
• Prevent previous volumes of a multivolume save operation from being overwritten. BACKUP keeps track of the volume labels you have already used in the operation. If you accidently mount one of the previous volumes, BACKUP displays the following error message:

  %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 1 on MKB100: was not mounted because its label does not match the one requested Volume with label TAPE1 was already used in this save operation. Specify option (QUIT or NEW tape) BACKUP>

Note the following restrictions when you use the /EXACT_ORDER output qualifier:

• If you use the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier, you cannot specify a label longer than six characters on the command line. If you specify a label longer than six characters, BACKUP displays the following error message:

  %BACKUP-F-INVQUAVAL, value 'label_name' invalid for /LABEL qualifier

• You cannot use the /IGNORE=LABEL_PROCESSING qualifier with the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier.
• If you use the /LABEL qualifier with the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier, you cannot specify duplicate labels.

The default is /NOEXACT_ORDER.

Examples

$ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST
_From: DKA100:
_To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/LABEL=(TAPE1,TAPE2,TAPE3)/EXACT_ORDER
      

This example uses the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier to specify the exact order of labels for the BACKUP operation. Note that if you specify the /ASSIST qualifier, BACKUP would display messages on the operator terminal. BACKUP performs the following actions:

1. Compares the volume label of the tape in MKB100: with the first label that you specified on the command line (TAPE1). If the labels match exactly, BACKUP begins the save operation. If the labels do not match or if the tape does not have an ANSI label, BACKUP displays the following message:

   %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 1 on MKB100: was not mounted because its label does not match the one requested %BACKUP-W-EXLABEER, volume label processing failed because volume TAPE4 is out of order, Volume label TAPE1 was expected. Specify option (QUIT, NEW tape, OVERWRITE tape, USE loaded tape) BACKUP> OVERWRITE

   
   Depending on the option you specify, you can quit the backup operation (QUIT), dismount the old tape and mount a new one (NEW), overwrite the label and the data on the tape (OVERWRITE), or write the data to the tape using the loaded tape's label (USE).
2. When the operation fills the first tape, it displays the following message:

   %BACKUP-I-RESUME, resuming operation on volume 2 %BACKUP-I-READYWRITE, mount volume TAPE2 on MKB100: for writing. Respond with YES when ready:

3. When you load the second tape and enter YES, BACKUP compares the label of the second tape with the second label you specified on the command line (TAPE2) just as it did in step 1a.
4. Assuming the volume labels match, BACKUP continues processing until it completes the operation or runs out of volume labels. If you do not specify enough labels on the command line to complete the operation, BACKUP prompts you to enter a label for the tape in the drive as follows:

   %BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 4 on MKB100: was not mounted because the label was not specified Specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) BACKUP>

   
   BACKUP then compares the label on the tape with label you specify as described previously.

$ BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD/VERIFY/NOASSIST
_From: DKA100:[TEST]
_To: MKB100:MAR11.SAV/EXACT_ORDER
      

Because this example does not use the /LABEL qualifier, BACKUP uses the existing label on the tape. If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and it is the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message:

%BACKUP-F-NOTANSI, tape is not valid ANSI format

If the tape does not have an ANSI label, and is not the first tape in the operation, BACKUP displays the following error message prompting you to specify a label:

%BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 2 on MKB100: was not mounted because the label was not specified Specify EXACT_ORDER label (up to 6 characters) BACKUP>

Note BACKUP checks to make sure you specify a valid label. If the label is not valid (for example, longer than six characters), BACKUP displays an error message. In previous versions of the OpenVMS operating system, BACKUP truncated long volume labels.

Input File-Selection Qualifier

Excludes files that otherwise meet the selection criteria for a save or copy operation. The excluded files are not processed.

Format

input-specifier/EXCLUDE=(file-spec[,...]) output-specifier

Description

If you specify more than one file, separate the file specifications with commas and enclose the list in parentheses. Do not use a device specification when defining the files to be excluded. You can use most standard wildcard characters, but you cannot use wildcard characters denoting latest versions of files (;) or relative versions of files (;-n).

Note that BACKUP does not apply temporary file specification defaults within the list. Each file specification independently takes its defaults from the file specification [000000...]*.*;*.

If you specify directory files (files with the file type .DIR), your command is processed but the directory files are not excluded (they are processed). BACKUP uses directory files to facilitate incremental restore operations.

You cannot use the /EXCLUDE qualifier in image restore operations.

Example

$ BACKUP
_From: DRA2:[CONTRACTS]/BEFORE=TODAY/EXCLUDE=(*.OBJ,*.MAI)
_To: MFA0:CONTRACT.BCK/LABEL=DLY102
      

All files in the directory [CONTRACTS] that have a modification date prior to today (the current day, month, and year at 00:00:00.0 o'clock) are saved to the save set CONTRACT.BCK on drive MFA0, except for those with a file type of .OBJ or .MAI.

Input File-Selection Qualifier

Selects files according to the value of the expiration date field in each file header record.

Format

input-specifier/BEFORE=time /EXPIRED output-specifier

input-specifier/SINCE=time /EXPIRED output-specifier

Description

You must use the input file-selection qualifier /BEFORE or /SINCE with /EXPIRED. The date and time you specify to /BEFORE or /SINCE determines which files are processed.

You cannot use /EXPIRED with the input file-selection qualifiers /BACKUP, /MODIFIED, or /CREATED.

Example

$ BACKUP [CONTRACTS]/BEFORE=TOMORROW/EXPIRED MTA1:30DEC.BCK/LABEL=WK04
      

This command saves all files in the directory [CONTRACTS] that have an expiration date prior to tomorrow (24 hours after midnight last night) to a save set named 30DEC.BCK.

Command Qualifier

Processes the input specifier using a fast file scan to reduce processing time. The input specifier must be a Files--11 disk.

Format

/FAST input-specifier output-specifier

Description

The fast file scan reads the index file on the Files--11 disk specified by the input specifier and creates a table of files that match the qualifiers you specified.

When you use the /FAST qualifier to save a disk, ALIAS directory trees are not processed. Only the primary files that the ALIAS points to are saved. Depending on the number of ALIAS directory specifications there are on the disk, this may increase performance by reducing the number of files BACKUP checks for processing. A message is displayed for each ALIAS directory or file that is not processed.

To perform a fast file scan, you need write access to the INDEXF.SYS file on the input medium, or the input medium must be write-locked. This requirement is necessary because BACKUP opens the index file to synchronize with the file system, whether or not any update is made.

A fast file scan is most useful when the input specifier includes most of the files on the volume, and file-selection qualifiers (such as those that pertain to date or owner) specify a relatively small set of the files named. Because image operations implicitly use the fast file scan, the /FAST qualifier is ignored if used with the command qualifier /IMAGE.

You cannot use /FAST in restore operations.

Example

$ BACKUP/FAST
_From: DBA1:[*...]/MODIFIED/SINCE=TODAY
_To: MTA0:13NOVBAK.BCK,MTA1:/LABEL=WK201
      

In this example, all files on the disk DBA1 that have been modified today are saved to a multireel tape save set named 13NOVBAK.BCK. The /FAST qualifier is used to reduce processing time.

Input File-Selection Qualifier

Specifies a file that contains a list of the files that will be selected when a save set is restored.

Format

input-specifier /FILES_SELECTED=file-spec output-specifier

Description

The /FILES_SELECTED qualifier allows you to specify a file that contains a list of the files that are to be selected when a save set is restored. You can use this qualifier in place of the /SELECT qualifier to select files to restore from a save set.

Do not use a device specification when you list the files to be selected. In the list of files, enter one OpenVMS file specification per line. You can use most standard wildcard characters, but you cannot use wildcard characters denoting the latest version of files (;) and relative versions of files (;-n).

Example

$ BACKUP INFO.BCK/SAVE_SET/FILES_SELECTED=RFILE.DAT []

      

The command in this example selects the files in RFILE.DAT and restores them to the current default directory. The RFILE.DAT file contains the following entries:

[INFO]RESTORE.COM [PAYROLL]BADGE.DAT EMPLOYEE.DAT