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HP COBOL
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10-Jan-1997 16:52:31

7.49 YEAR-TO-YYYY

Description

The YEAR-TO-YYYY function converts a two-digit year to a four-digit year. An optional second argument, when added to the current year (at the time the program executes), defines the ending year of a 100-year interval. This interval determines to what century the two-digit year belongs.

General Format


FUNCTION YEAR-TO-YYYY ( arg-1 [ arg-2 ] )

arg-1

is a nonnegative integer between 0 and 99.

arg-2

is an integer. Its value, when added to the current year, must be between 1700 and 9999. If it is omitted, the default value is 50.

Rules

  1. The type of this function is integer.
  2. The returned value is an integer representing a four-digit year calculated as follows: 


              max-year = current-yyyy + arg-2
          if mod(max-year, 100) >= arg-1
             return (arg-1 + 100 * int(max-year / 100))
          else
             return (arg-1 + 100 * int(max-year / 100) - 1)

Example 


 IF FUNCTION YEAR-TO-YYYY (80, 50 )   = 1980
    DISPLAY "correct".
 IF FUNCTION YEAR-TO-YYYY (80, 100 )  = 2080
    DISPLAY "correct".
 IF FUNCTION YEAR-TO-YYYY (80, -100 ) = 1880
    DISPLAY "correct".
YEAR-TO-YYYY implements a sliding window algorithm. To use it for a fixed window, you can specify arg-2 as follows: 


(fixed-ending-year - function numval (function current-date (1:4)))

If fixed-ending-year is 2100, then for 1999 arg-2 has the value 101. If arg-1 is 50, the returned-value is 2050. If arg-1 is 99, the returned-value is 2099.

Chapter 8
Source Text Manipulation

Source programs can copy frequently used COBOL text from a Tru64 UNIX directory containing library files, an OpenVMS Librarian file, a COBOL library file, or (for OpenVMS) Oracle CDD/Repository. The COPY statement can include text without change, or it can change the text as it is copied into the source program.

The COPY statement REPLACING phrase changes text in the copying process. It matches arguments against the text to determine which text to replace. The matching procedure operates on text-words.

The REPLACE statement changes text in the source program. It matches source text to the pseudo-text specified in the REPLACE statement and changes the specified text when a match is detected.

8.1 Text-Word Definition Rules

A text-word is a character or sequence of characters in a COBOL library, source program, pseudo-text, or repository. It can be any of the following:

  1. A literal, including the opening and closing quotation marks for nonnumeric literals
  2. A hexadecimal literal, including the opening and closing delimiters
  3. A separator other than:
    A space
    A pseudo-text delimiter
    The opening and closing quotation marks of a nonnumeric literal
  4. Any other sequence of contiguous characters, bounded by separators, except:
    Comment lines
    Separators

Examples

These examples show how the compiler interprets COBOL text in terms of text-words. The rule letters refer to the text-word definition rules.

Text Interpretation
MOVE One text-word (Rule 4).
MOVE ITEMA TO ITEMB Four text-words.
MOVE ITEMA TO ITEMB. Five text-words. The separator period is a text-word (Rule 3).
PIC S9(4)V9(6) Nine text-words. Each parenthesis is a separator, and therefore a text-word. The nine text-words are PIC, S9, (, 4, ), V9, (, 6, and ).
"PIC S9(4)V9(6)" One text-word (Rule 1).
X"4865784C6974" One text-word (Rule 2).
ITEMA. Two text-words. ITEMA and the separator period are text words.
==ITEMA. :=,= Two text-words. The pseudo-text delimiters are not text-words (Rule 3). However, the separator period is a text-word.
==ITEMA.:=,= One text-word. The pseudo-text delimiters are not text-words. The punctuation character period is part of the character-string "ITEMA."; the period is not a separator because a space does not follow it.

8.1.1 COPY

Function

The COPY statement includes text in a COBOL program.

General Formats

Format 1

text-name

is the name of a COBOL library file available during compilation; or, if library-name is specified, is the name of a text record within the library file. (See Technical Notes.)

library-name

is the directory that contains library files on the Tru64 UNIX system; or, on OpenVMS, is the name of the OpenVMS Librarian library file that contains text-name. (See Technical Notes.)

pseudo-text-1

identifier-1

literal-1

word-1

are text-matching arguments that the compiler compares against text-words in the library text.

pseudo-text-2

identifier-2

literal-2

word-2

are replacement items that the compiler inserts into the source program.

record-name (OpenVMS)

is a partial or complete Oracle CDD/Repository pathname. It specifies the Oracle CDD/Repository record description to be copied into the source program. (See Technical Notes.) <>

Syntax Rules

  1. A Format 1 COPY statement can be used anywhere that a character-string or separator (other than a closing quotation mark) can be used in a program.
  2. On OpenVMS, a Format 2 COPY statement can appear only in the File, Working-Storage, or Linkage Sections. <>
  3. A space must precede the word COPY.
  4. The COPY statement must be terminated by the separator period.
  5. pseudo-text-1 must contain at least one text-word.
  6. pseudo-text-2 can contain zero, one, or more text-words.
  7. word-1 or word-2 can be any COBOL word.
  8. pseudo-text-1 must not consist entirely of a separator comma or a separator semicolon.

General Rules

Format 1

  1. On Tru64 UNIX, when both text-name and library-name are specified, library-name refers to the directory containing library files; text-name identifies a specific file within the directory. <>
  2. On OpenVMS, when both text-name and library-name are specified, library-name refers to an OpenVMS Librarian library file; text-name identifies a text record within the library file. <>
  3. When only text-name is used, it identifies a file that contains library text.
  4. Library text must follow the source reference format rules. Library text and source program text formats must be the same; that is, both must be ANSI format, or both must be terminal format.
  5. On Tru64 UNIX, the COPY statement references source text from a directory containing library files or from a COBOL library file. <>

Format 2 (OpenVMS)

  1. record-name refers to a record description stored in Oracle CDD/Repository.
  2. The compiler translates the record description associated with record-name to COBOL source text. If the source program containing the COPY statement is in terminal format, the translated record description is in terminal format; otherwise, the record description is translated to ANSI format. <>

Both Formats

  1. On OpenVMS, the COPY statement references source text from an OpenVMS Librarian file, a COBOL library file, or the Oracle CDD/Repository.<>
  2. The compiler evaluates the COBOL source program after processing all COPY statements.
  3. The COPY statement does not change the original source program text file.
  4. The COPY statement causes the compiler to copy the source text associated with text-name into the program. The source text logically replaces the COPY statement, beginning with the word COPY and ending with the punctuation character period (inclusive).
  5. If there is no REPLACING phrase, the compiler copies the source text without modification.
  6. If there is a REPLACING phrase, the compiler changes the source text as it copies it. The compiler replaces each successfully matched occurrence of a text-matching argument in the source text by the corresponding replacement item.
  7. For the purposes of matching, the compiler treats each text-matching argument as pseudo-text that contains identifier-1, word-1, or literal-1.
  8. The comparison operation starts with the leftmost source text text-word and the first text-matching argument. The compiler compares the entire text-matching argument to an equivalent number of consecutive source text text-words.
  9. A text-matching argument matches the source text only if the ordered sequence of text-words that forms the text-matching argument is equal, character for character, to the ordered sequence of source text text-words.
    In the matching operation, the compiler treats each occurrence or combination of the following items in source text as a single space:
    • Separator comma
    • Separator semicolon
    • A sequence of one or more separator spaces
    • A blank line
    • A comment line
  10. If no match occurs, the compiler repeats the comparison with each successive text-matching argument in the REPLACING phrase until either:
    • A match occurs.
    • There are no more text-matching arguments.
  11. If no match occurs after the compiler compares all text-matching arguments, the compiler copies the leftmost source text text-word into the source program. The next source text text-word then becomes the leftmost text-word for the next cycle. The comparison cycle resumes with the first text-matching argument in the REPLACING phrase.
  12. If a match occurs between a text-matching argument and the source text, the compiler inserts the replacement item into the source program. The source text-word immediately after the rightmost replaced text-word then becomes the leftmost text-word for the next cycle. The comparison cycle resumes with the first text-matching argument in the REPLACING phrase.
  13. The comparison cycle continues until the rightmost text-word in the source text has been either:
    • Matched and replaced
    • Used as the leftmost library text-word in a comparison cycle
  14. The rules for Reference Format determine the sequence of text-words in the source text and the text-matching arguments.
  15. When the compiler inserts pseudo-text-2 into the source program, any comment lines or blank lines within pseudo-text-2 are inserted without modification. (See Example 5.)
  16. The compiler copies any comment lines and blank lines in the source text into the source program unchanged (see Example 1). However, the compiler does not copy a comment line or blank line from the source text if it is in the sequence of text-words that matches the text-matching argument.
  17. The resultant source program cannot contain a COPY statement after the compiler processes a COPY statement.
    • Text copied from a source text cannot contain a COPY statement unless the replacement operation changes the word COPY in the resultant source text.
    • The replacement item in the REPLACING phrase must not insert a COPY statement into the source text.
  18. The compiler cannot determine the syntactic correctness of source text, or the source program, until all COPY statements are processed.
  19. When the compiler copies a text-word from the source text, it places it in the source program beginning in the same area as in the source text. That is, a text-word that begins in Area A in the source text begins in Area A of the source program after the copy operation. Similarly, a text-word that begins in Area B in the source text begins somewhere in Area B of the source program.
  20. When the compiler inserts a text-word from pseudo-text-2, it places it in the source program beginning in the same area as in pseudo-text-2.
  21. When the compiler inserts text from identifier-2, literal-2, or word-2, it places the first text-word in the source program beginning in the same area as the leftmost library text-word that matches the argument. It places all other replacement text-words in the source program beginning in the same area as they appear in the COPY statement.
  22. Pseudo-text insertion can change parts of a single character-string. An unmatched text-word and a replaced text-word can combine to form a character-string. For example, the COPY statement can replace part of a PICTURE character-string. (See Example 3.)
  23. Conditional compilation lines are permitted within the library text and pseudo-text. Text-words within a conditional compilation line participate in the matching process as if the indicator area character of the line on which they began was not present. A conditional compilation line is specified within pseudo-text if it begins in the source program after the opening pseudo-text delimiter, but before the matching closing pseudo-text delimiter.
  24. The resultant text can occur on conditional compilation lines according to the following precedence rules:
    • If a COPY statement begins on a conditional compilation line, each line of the resulting text appears on the same kind of line.
    • If a library text-word that is not involved in a match begins on a conditional compilation line, it appears in resulting text on the same kind of line.
    • If the first library text-word that is involved in a match begins on a conditional compilation line, the identifier-2, literal-2, word-2, or pseudo-text-2 that replaces the first library text-word appears on the same kind of line.
    • If text-words within pseudo-text-2 begin on a conditional compilation line, resulting text appears on the same kind of line.

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