HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference
Manual
/INITIALIZE
Command Qualifier
Initializes an output disk or tape volume, making its entire previous
contents unavailable. (/REWIND performs the same function for output
tapes.)
Format
/[NO]INITIALIZE input-specifier output-specifier
Description
The /[NO]INITIALIZE qualifier is valid only when used with the command
qualifier /IMAGE during restore or copy operations or when saving files
to a sequential-disk save set.
When used with the command qualifier /IMAGE in a restore or copy
operation, the /INITIALIZE qualifier directs BACKUP to initialize the
output volume using volume initialization data from the save-volume
summary record on the input volume.
The /NOINITIALIZE qualifier directs BACKUP to reinitialize the output
volume using the existing initialization data on that volume; the
output volume must have been previously initialized as a Files--11
volume. When the output volume is initialized, existing data on the
volume is lost. The structure level of the output volume must be the
same as the structure level of the save set being restored.
For image restore and copy operations on Files--11 volumes, the default
is /INITIALIZE.
If you use the /INITIALIZE qualifier when creating sequential-disk save
sets, BACKUP initializes the first output volume in the sequential-disk
save set, as well as subsequent volumes. By default, BACKUP does not
initialize the first volume of a sequential-disk save set but does
initialize subsequent volumes of a multivolume sequential-disk save set.
The BACKUP/IMAGE/INITIALIZE command sizes the storage bitmap to
correspond to the entire physical volume. Beginning with OpenVMS
Version 7.2, the file system also correctly handles a volume whose
storage bitmap is smaller than required. The space on the volume
available for allocation is the space the bitmap describes; as a
result, if the bitmap is smaller than the volume requires, not all the
volume is available for file allocation. A SHOW DEVICE /FULL command
continues to display the actual physical volume size; however, the free
blocks displayed are the number of blocks actually available for
allocation.
Examples
| #1 |
$ BACKUP/IMAGE/NOINITIALIZE DBA0: DBA2:
|
This command causes the output volume DBA2 to be reinitialized using
the volume initialization data that exists on DBA2. The contents of
DBA0 are then copied to DBA2.
| #2 |
$ BACKUP/IMAGE/INITIALIZE DBA2:OLDFILES.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA6:
|
This command directs BACKUP to initialize the output volume DBA6 using
volume initialization parameters in the save-volume summary record on
DBA2. The image save set OLDFILES.BCK is then restored to DBA6.
/INPUT_FILES
Input Save-Set Qualifier
Directs BACKUP to treat the input-specifier as the file name of a list
of files. This file specifies the input files for a BACKUP operation.
Format
input-specifier /INPUT_FILES output-specifier/SAVE_SET
Description
The /INPUT_FILES qualifier allows you to specify a list of files to be
processed for input. The input-specifier is the name of a file that
contains one standard OpenVMS file specification per line.
Example
|
$ BACKUP FILE.DAT/INPUT_FILES MKA600:INFO.BCK/SAVE_SET
|
The command in this example backs up the files listed in the FILE.DAT
file to a tape drive save set named INFO.BCK. If the disk, directory,
or file extension is not specified, the defaults are copied from the
previous entry or from the default if this is the first entry. The
FILE.DAT file contains the following entries:
$1$DKA0:[INFO]*.COM
INFO.TEXT
[PAYROLL]*.DAT
|
/INTERCHANGE
Command Qualifier
Directs BACKUP to process files in a manner suitable for data
interchange (software distribution) by excluding information that would
prevent other utilities or sites from reading the BACKUP save set.
The /INTERCHANGE qualifier implies /CONVERT when the input is an ODS-5
disk or file.
Format
/INTERCHANGE input-specifier output-specifier
Description
The effects of the /INTERCHANGE qualifier are as follows:
- Directories not selected as files are not copied.
- Access control lists are not copied.
- Block size on magnetic tape is limited to 8192 bytes.
- Normal error recovery is used to write magnetic tapes so that no
bad records exist on the resulting magnetic tape.
Example
|
$ BACKUP/RECORD/INTERCHANGE [ACCOUNTS]/SINCE=BACKUP MFA0:SAVACC.BCK
|
The command in this example saves all files in the directory [ACCOUNTS]
that have been modified since the last BACKUP/RECORD operation. The
/INTERCHANGE qualifier ensures that the processed files are suitable
for data interchange.
/JOURNAL
Command Qualifier
Specifies that a BACKUP save operation is to create a BACKUP journal
file or append information to a BACKUP journal file. Lists the contents
of a BACKUP journal file when combined with the command qualifier /LIST.
Format
/JOURNAL [=file-spec] input-specifier output-specifier
/JOURNAL [=file-spec]/LIST[=file-spec]
Description
A BACKUP journal file contains records of BACKUP save operations and
the file specifications of saved files. Use the command qualifier
/JOURNAL[=file-spec] in a BACKUP save operation to create a journal
file.
If you do not include a file specification with the command qualifier
/JOURNAL, the name of the BACKUP journal file defaults to
SYS$DISK:[]BACKUP.BJL. You can specify another file name, however. (The
file specification of a journal file cannot include a node name; the
default file type for a journal file is .BJL.) If the specified journal
file does not exist, it is created; if the journal file does exist, the
new journal information is appended to the existing journal file.
Start a new version of a journal file by creating a zero-length file
using the DCL command CREATE or a text editor.
To list the contents of a BACKUP journal file, use the
/JOURNAL=[file-spec] qualifier with the /LIST qualifier, but do not
specify an input or output specifier. By default, the list is displayed
on SYS$OUTPUT, but it is written to an output file if you specify a
file with /LIST.
When listing a journal file, you can use the file-selection qualifiers
/BEFORE, /SINCE, and /EXCLUDE to search for specific files. (In this
context, the /BEFORE and /SINCE qualifiers refer to the time when the
save set was created, not the time when the files in the save set were
created.) Also, by specifying a file in a multivolume save set, you can
search the journal file to find which volume the file is in. You can
then mount that volume and restore the file.
Journal files are not created for physical save operations (save
operations performed with the command qualifier /PHYSICAL). You can
receive a fatal error if you use the /PHYSICAL qualifier with /JOURNAL.
Examples
| #1 |
$ BACKUP/JOURNAL=LAR.BJL [LARRY]*.*;* MFA0:YET.BCK
|
This command saves all versions of all files in the directory [LARRY]
to the save set YET.BCK on MFA0. The /JOURNAL qualifier creates a
record of the saved files in a journal file named LAR.BJL in the
current default directory.
| #2 |
$ BACKUP/LIST/JOURNAL=ARCH.BJL/SELECT=[SMITH.PROGS]/SINCE=5-OCT-2002
Listing of BACKUP journal
Journal file _DB1:[SYSMGR]:ARCH.BJL;1 ON 7-OCT-2002 00:45:43.01
Save set WKLY.BCK, created on 6-OCT-2002 00:01:34.54
Volume number 1, volume label WKL101
[SMITH.PROGS]REMINDER.FOR;46
[SMITH.PROGS]RUNTHIS.FOR;4
[SMITH.PROGS]TIMER.PAS;5
.
.
.
|
This example displays all files in the directory [SMITH.PROGS] that
were saved after October 5, 2002, and listed in the BACKUP journal file
ARCH.BJL.
| #3 |
$ BACKUP/JOURNAL/LOG/IMAGE DRA2: MTA0:3OCT.FUL
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DRA2:[COLLINS]ALPHA.DAT;4
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DRA2:[COLLINS]EDTINI.EDT;5
.
.
.
%BACKUP-I-RESUME, resuming operation on volume 2
%BACKUP-I-READYWRITE, mount volume 2 on _MTA0: for writing
Press return when ready: [Return]
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DRA2:[LANE]MAIL.MAI;1
%BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DRA2:[LANE]MEMO.RNO;5
.
.
.
$ BACKUP/JOURNAL/LIST
Listing of BACKUP journal
Journal file _DB2:[SYSMGR]BACKUP.BJL;1 on 3-OCT-2002 00:40:56.36
Save set 3OCT.FUL created on 3-OCT-2002 00:40:56.36
Volume number 1, volume label 3OCT01
[COLLINS]ALPHA.DAT;4
[COLLINS]EDTINI.EDT;5
[COLLINS]LOGIN.COM;46
[COLLINS]LOGIN.COM;45
[COLLINS]MAIL.MAI;1
[COLLINS.MAR]GETJPI.EXE;9
[COLLINS.MAR]GETJPI.LIS;14
.
.
.
[LANE]LES.MAI;1
.
.
.
Save set 3OCT.FUL created on 3-OCT-2002 00:40:56.36
Volume number 2, volume label 3OCT02
[LANE]MAIL.MAI;1
[LANE]MEMO.RNO;5
[LANE]MEMO.RNO;4
.
.
.
[WALTERS.VI]KD.RNO;52
End of BACKUP journal
|
This example shows how to create a BACKUP journal file and list the
contents of the BACKUP journal file.
/LABEL
Output Save-Set Qualifier
Specifies the volume labels for the magnetic tapes to which the save
set is written.
Format
input-specifier output-save-set-spec/LABEL=(string[,...])
Description
Use the /LABEL Qualifier to specify the one- to six-character volume
labels for the magnetic tapes to which the save set is written.
You can specify either a single label or a list of labels with the
/LABEL qualifier. If you do not specify the /LABEL qualifier, BACKUP
uses the first six characters of the save-set name as the volume label
of the first tape. If you specify a label that is longer than six
characters, BACKUP truncates the label to six characters.
If the save set continues to another tape, and you did not specify a
volume label for the tape, BACKUP uses the first four characters of the
previous tape's volume label followed by the volume number of the tape.
For example, if the first tape in a save set is labeled AAAABB, the
second tape in a save set is labeled AAAA02, and the third tape is
labeled AAAA03.
Before writing a save set to magnetic tape, BACKUP compares the label
specified in the command line to the volume label of the tape. (If the
tape has no volume label and you specified the output save-set
qualifier /REWIND, BACKUP writes the label you specified to the volume
header record of the tape.) If the volume label has fewer than six
characters, BACKUP pads the volume label with the blank character to
six characters.
The first four characters of the volume label must either exactly match
the first four characters of the label specified in the BACKUP command
line, or the first four characters of the volume label must end with
one or more underscore characters. If the first four characters of the
volume label end with one or more underscore characters, and the label
specified in the command line matches the part of the volume label that
appears before the underscore characters, BACKUP accepts the match.
(For example, the volume label ABN_ matches the command line label ABN
but does not match the command line label ABNE.) If either the fifth or
the sixth character of the volume label is in the range 0 to 9, BACKUP
does not compare these characters with corresponding characters in the
label specified in the BACKUP command line. Otherwise, the fifth and
sixth characters in the volume label must match the corresponding
characters in the label specified in the BACKUP command line exactly.
The following table illustrates volume labels that match labels
specified in the BACKUP command line:
| Label Specified in the Command Line |
Matching Volume Labels |
|
MAR
|
MAR, MAR_, MAR_nn
|
|
MAR_
|
MAR_, MAR_nn
|
|
MARK
|
MARK, MARKnn
|
|
MARKER
|
MARKER, MARKnn
|
If the label you specify matches the tape's volume label, the BACKUP
save operation proceeds. If you specify more than one label with the
/LABEL qualifier, the BACKUP save operation succeeds if any of the
labels you specify match the tape's volume label. For example, if the
tape's volume label is MA1686, the save operation will succeed if you
specify the following list of labels with the /LABEL qualifier:
/LABEL=(MA1684,MA1685,MA1686)
|
If the label you specified does not match the tape's volume label,
BACKUP displays the following messages and prompt on your terminal if
you specified the command qualifier /NOASSIST, or on the operator
terminal if you did not specify /NOASSIST:
%BACKUP-W-MOUNTERR, volume 'number' on 'device' was not mounted because
its label does not match the one requested
Specify option (QUIT, NEW tape or OVERWRITE tape)
BACKUP>
|
Specify QUIT to abort the BACKUP operation and unload the magnetic
tape. Specify NEW to direct BACKUP to prompt for a new tape. Specify
OVERWRITE to direct BACKUP to ignore the label mismatch, mount the
tape, initialize the tape if you specified the output save-set
qualifier /REWIND, and write the save set to the tape.
You can specify the command qualifier /IGNORE=LABEL_PROCESSING to
prevent BACKUP from verifying the volume label of the tape. You can
also use the /EXACT_ORDER qualifier to specify the exact order of tape
volume labels that you want to use in a BACKUP operation.
Examples
| #1 |
$ BACKUP [PAYROLL] MTA0:30NOV.BCK/LABEL=PAY
|
This command causes BACKUP to check the volume label of the tape
mounted on drive MTA0. If the volume label is PAY, BACKUP saves the
directory [PAYROLL] to a save set named 30NOV.BCK.
| #2 |
$ BACKUP DDA1: MTA0:PLAYS.BCK,MTA1,MTA2/REWIND/LABEL=(ACT1,ACT2,ACT3)
|
This example assumes that the three tapes have no volume labels. This
command saves all files on the disk named DDA1 to the save set
PLAYS.BCK. The first tape in the save set is labeled ACT1, the second
is labeled ACT2, and the third is labeled ACT3.
/LIST
Command Qualifier
Lists information about a BACKUP save set and about the files in a save
set. You can display the list on your terminal or write it to a file.
Format
/LIST [=file-spec] save-set-spec
Description
Use the /LIST qualifier by itself or in conjunction with any other
operation (save, restore, copy, compare, or journal). If /LIST is
specified by itself (not with a save, restore, copy, compare or journal
operation), the input specifier must refer to a save set, and the
output specifier must be omitted.
Before you can list the contents of a save set, the media containing
the save set must be inserted into an appropriate drive. If the save
set is stored on a disk, the disk must be mounted as a Files--11 volume
or as a foreign volume. BACKUP mounts magnetic tapes automatically as
part of the list operation.
By default, the list information is displayed on your terminal;
however, you can specify a file to which the list information can be
written.
When you use the /LIST qualifier with standalone BACKUP and you direct
output to a file (/LIST=file-spec), the file specification must refer
to either a terminal or a printer.
You can use either the command qualifier /BRIEF or /FULL with the /LIST
qualifier. The /BRIEF qualifier directs BACKUP to list each file's size
in blocks and its creation date. The /FULL qualifier directs BACKUP to
list additional information about each file in the same format as the
information provided by the DCL command DIRECTORY/FULL. The default is
/BRIEF.
Do not use the command qualifier /LOG with /LIST when the output for
/LIST is directed to the terminal; if you do, you will receive
confusing output.
Example
|
$ BACKUP/LIST DBA2:[SAVE]23MAR02.BCK/SAVE_SET
Listing of save set(s)
Save set: 23MAR02.BCK
Written by: MOROCI
UIC: [000200,000200]
Date: 23-MAR-2002 14:18:16.00
Command: BACKUP [SAVE] DBA2:[SAVE]23MAR00.BCK/SAVE_SET
Operating system: OpenVMS Alpha Version V7.3-1
BACKUP version: V7.3-1
CPU ID register: 08000000
Node name: _SUZI::
Written on: _DBA2:
Block size: 32,256
Group size: 10
Buffer count: 3
[SAVE]LAST.DAT;1 1 18-JAN-2002 14:11
[SAVE]INFO.TXT;4 5 4-FEB-2002 13:12
[SAVE]WORK.DAT;3 33 1-JAN-2002 10:02
Total of 3 files, 39 blocks
End of save set
|
This command lists the BACKUP summary information and the file name,
size, and creation date for each file in the save set. Note that the
/SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the input specifier as a
save set on a Files--11 disk.
/LOG
Command Qualifier
Determines whether the file specification of each file processed is
displayed on SYS$OUTPUT during the operation. The default is /NOLOG.
Format
/[NO]LOG input-specifier output-specifier
Example
|
$ BACKUP/LOG [SAVE]23MAR02.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA2:[PLI.WORK]
%BACKUP-S-CREATED, created DBA2:[PLI.WORK]ANOTHER.DAT;1
%BACKUP-S-CREATED, created DBA2:[PLI.WORK]LAST.DAT;1
%BACKUP-S-CREATED, created DBA2:[PLI.WORK]THAT.DAT;1
%BACKUP-S-CREATED, created DBA2:[PLI.WORK]THIS.DAT;2
.
.
.
|
In this example, the file specifications of the files restored to the
directory named [PLI.WORK] on DBA2 are logged to SYS$OUTPUT.
/MEDIA_FORMAT=[NO]COMPACTION
Output Save-Set Qualifier
Controls whether data records are automatically compacted and blocked
together. Data compaction and record blocking increase the amount of
data that can be stored on a single tape cartridge.
The compaction ratio depends on the data and the tape drive you use.
For more information, refer to the documentation supplied with your
tape drive.
BACKUP allows you to specify different compaction settings on different
save sets on a tape. However, not all tape drives support the use of
more than one compaction setting on a tape. Whether mixed mode tapes
are permitted depends on the model of the tape drive you use.
Format
input-specifier output-save-set-spec /MEDIA_FORMAT=[NO]COMPACTION
Description
The /MEDIA_FORMAT qualifier can only be used with tape drives that
support data compaction.
On Alpha and I64 systems, you can use the /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION
qualifier for hardware data compaction of SCSI tape drives.
Example
|
$ BACKUP WORK$:[TESTFILES...]*.*;* MUA0:TEST.SAV -
_$/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION /REWIND
|
This command saves all files in the directory [TESTFILES] and its
subdirectories in a save set named TEST.SAV using a TA90E tape drive.
The /MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION qualifier specifies that the tape drive
automatically compacts and blocks together data records on the tape.
/MODIFIED
Input File-Selection Qualifier
Selects files according to the value of the modified date field (the
date the file was last modified) in each file header record.
Format
input-specifier/BEFORE=time /MODIFIED output-specifier
input-specifier /SINCE=time /MODIFIED output-specifier
Description
You must use the /MODIFIED qualifier with either of the input
file-selection qualifiers /BEFORE or /SINCE. The date and time you
specify with /BEFORE or /SINCE determines which files are processed.
You cannot use /MODIFIED with the input file-selection qualifiers
/BACKUP, /CREATED, or /EXPIRED.
Example
|
$ BACKUP [SUNDANCE...]/BEFORE=TODAY/MODIFIED MFA1:MOD.BCK
|
This command saves all files in the directory tree [SUNDANCE] whose
modification dates precede today (00:00:00.0 o'clock of the current
day, month, and year).
|
